https://mail.iphopen.org/index.php/se/issue/feed 2026-07-31T10:29:33+00:00 Aasik Hussain khanaasik95@gmail.com Open Journal Systems <p><strong>IPHO-Journal of Advance Research in Science And Engineering.<a href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/ISSN/3050-8797"><em>(e-ISSN.3050-8797, p-ISSN 3050-9270) </em></a></strong>Computer Science is the systematic study of the feasibility, structure, expression. It is one of the fastest growing career fields in modern history.Mechanical engineering is a discipline of engineering that applies the principles of engineering, physics and materials science for analysis, design,Electrical and electronics engineering is engineering branch, which focuses on the use of electricity on different forms. It is the branch which deals with the uses of biomechanics, aerodynamics, fluid mechanics, automobiles, hydraulics, infrastructure, designing, analysis of geotechnical studies</p> https://mail.iphopen.org/index.php/se/article/view/475 2026-07-15T05:45:35+00:00 C.I Obinecheb cobineche@fpno.edu.ng A.N Ofomaa no_reply@gmail.com P.C Obumselia no_reply@gmail.com C.J Ufombaa no_reply@gmail.com

<p>Groundwater contamination resulting from landfill leachate has become a major environmental concern in many developing countries due to indiscriminate solid waste disposal practices. This study assessed the impact of landfill leachate on groundwater quality around the Umuchima landfill site in Ihiagwa, Owerri West Local Government Area, Imo State, Nigeria. Four leachate samples and four groundwater samples from boreholes located within 12–30 m of the dumpsite were collected and analyzed alongside two control groundwater samples located away from the landfill. Standard analytical procedures involving spectrophotometric and titrimetric methods were employed to determine selected physicochemical parameters including pH, temperature, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), electrical conductivity, nitrate, sulphate, chloride, total hardness, bicarbonate, carbonate, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and copper. The results showed that leachate contained elevated concentrations of dissolved solids, suspended solids, conductivity, chloride, hardness, bicarbonate, and other dissolved constituents. Groundwater samples collected near the landfill exhibited considerably higher values of turbidity, TDS, TSS, electrical conductivity, chloride, nitrate, sulphate, and total hardness than the control samples, indicating the influence of leachate migration into the surrounding aquifer. These findings agree with previous studies that identified landfill leachate as a major source of groundwater pollution. Although heavy metal concentrations remained relatively low, the elevated physicochemical parameters demonstrate deterioration in groundwater quality associated with landfill activities. The study concludes that landfill leachate has adversely affected groundwater quality in the study area and recommends continuous groundwater monitoring, improved landfill engineering with leachate collection systems, and regular environmental assessment to safeguard public health and groundwater resources</p>

2026-07-25T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026 IPHO-Journal of Advance Research in Science And Engineering https://mail.iphopen.org/index.php/se/article/view/480 2026-07-31T10:29:33+00:00 ADIL SHAH nnoreply-@gmail.com

<p>The migration of large-scale manual test suites to automated testing pipelines represents one of the most significant challenges in contemporary software engineering, particularly for organizations with decades of legacy testing assets. This article presents a comprehensive framework for risk-controlled test suite migration leveraging Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to address the fundamental tension between migration velocity and quality preservation. We synthesize insights from software testing theory, risk management frameworks, and recent advances in generative AI to propose a structured methodology that systematically transforms manual test cases into executable automation scripts while maintaining rigorous quality control. The framework incorporates a multi-phase migration pipeline encompassing test case analysis, transformation planning, automated generation, validation, and continuous improvement. Through three detailed case studies across financial services, healthcare, and e-commerce domains, we demonstrate that RAG-based migration achieves 78% automation coverage with 94% accuracy, reducing migration effort by 65% compared to traditional approaches. The risk-controlled framework successfully identifies and mitigates migration risks across technical, operational, and organizational dimensions, enabling organizations to achieve near-zero regression defect introduction during the transition. Our findings contribute to the emerging body of knowledge on AI-assisted software maintenance and provide practical guidance for practitioners undertaking large-scale test modernization initiatives.</p>

2026-07-31T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2026